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The U.S. technological industry relies on essential supplies from Mexico and Canada to maintain its global competitiveness

  • The USMCA provides the foundation to position North America as the world’s leading technological frontier
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The 2024 U.S. trade balance for Advanced Technology Products (ATP) highlights that the U.S. remains a net importer of advanced technology. A closer look at the ten ATP categories (Figure 1) reveals the deep integration of North America’s high-tech supply chains.

Two categories stand out: Information and Communications Technology (ICT)—which includes critical devices for the digital economy—accounts for 77.4% of the ATP trade deficit, while Aerospace remains the only category with a significant U.S. surplus, underscoring the industry’s global competitiveness. Examining trade flows within these two sectors highlights the resilience and strategic importance of USMCA supply chains.

In ICT, the leading U.S. supplier is China, followed by Taiwan, with Mexico ranking third. However, when broadening the scope to include computer equipment and electronic accessories (NAICS 334) and electrical appliances (NAICS 335) (Figures 2 and 3), it becomes clear that Mexico is a crucial partner for reducing U.S. reliance on Chinese supply chains.

Similarly, Aerospace exemplifies USMCA’s integrated supply chains. Canada is the top supplier to the U.S. market, enabling the U.S. to maintain its net export position in this category. These dynamics reinforce the role of regional trade integration in enhancing North America’s technological and economic resilience.

Figure 1. 

Figure 2.

Figure 3 

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